ARCH162

Name: Chenfei Cao Course:Arch 162- M 12 Theatre de Odeon One of the six national theatres in France is the Odeon-Theatre de l’Europe, previously referred to as the Theatre de Odeon ( Hemmings 26 ). The theatre is situated at 2 rue Corneille in the 6 th arrondissement of Paris on the left bank of the Seine, besides the Luxembourg Garden ( Hemmings 28 ). The theatre has been built and rebuilt three times. The original was built from 1779 to 1782 ( Hemmings 47 ). The structure possessed a Neoclassic design and was constructed in the garden of the previous Hotel de Conde by Charles De Wailly and Marie-Joseph Peyre ( Hemmings 81 ). The main purpose of the building was to house the Comedie Francaise, which, unfortunately, opted to remain at the Theatre- Francais which was situated at the Palais Royal ( Hemmings 106 ). In 1782, Queen Marie-Antoinette inaugurated the theatre. In 1799, a fire burned down the theatre leaving nothing except for the exterior walls as well as the saloo...

Name: Chenfei Cao Course:Arch 162- M 12 The Pantheon The Pantheon, which is derived from the Greek language meaning the temple of all gods, was formerly a temple for the Romans. In present day, it is a church. It is one of the best-preserved buildings in the Roman history, simply because it has remained under continuous use from as early as the 7 th Century. The Pantheon is circular with an entrance porch of ten vast granite columns arranged in two ranks (Henry 1977). Its circular nature, with a conservative porch front, is a distinctive characteristic in Roman architecture. However, it became a standard model when traditional styles were revitalized and thus has been copied continuously by other architects. In the aftermath of the Battle of Actium (31 BC), Marcus Agrippa started an impressive building program: the Pantheon was a part of the complex created by him on his own property in the Campus Martius in 29–19 BC, which included three buildings aligned from south to nor...

Name: Chenfei Cao Course:Arch 162- M 12 St. Peter’s Basilica St Peters of Basilica is the most renowned work of Renaissance Architecture and the largest church in the world. It is located in Vatican City west of River Tiber and near the Janiculum Hill. The construction of the modern Basilica which would replace the Old St Peters Basilica was completed on 18 th November 1626.Do note Bramante design was the one selected but renaissance architecture such as Raphael and Michael Angelo designs were integrated into the structure The Basilica is approached via St Peters square, afore count in two sections both surrounded by tall Cannonades. The Vatican is composed of two shapes which are oval and trapezoid. The basilica which is cruciform in shape has an extended nave that takes the Latin cross form ( Zucker and beth ).The Architecture plan resembles an enormous Greek cross with a doom galvanized by the construction similar to that of the Circular Roman temple of Pantheon and is ...

Name: Chenfei Cao Course:Arch 162- M 12 Sainte Geneviève Library The Sainte Geneviève library is one of the most outstanding works of architecture of the 18 th century. The building was constructed by architect Henri Labrouste between 1843 and 1850 and opened to the public in 1851 (Leanna 1). One of the most intriguing features of the building is how the use of iron as a finishing product was incorporated on the walls of the interior of the library creating a uniquely cool and serene environment suitable for studies (Leanna 2). The columns supporting the weight of the building are also crafted from iron which divides the space for occupation into two majestic aisles giving the impression of a sophisticated interior monumental building. The entire upper storey of the room is made for reading space with access provided by spacious stairways. The books are stored on the lower floor to enable easier access for users who only borrow the literature material for use somewhere...

Name: Chenfei Cao Course:Arch 162- M 12 Paris Opera House This was a theatre house that was built between the years 1861 and 1875 and had 1979 seats  (Sveiven ,1) . IT was constructed along Boulevard des Capucines and was commonly referred to as Salle des Capucines due to its location along that street. IT was later known as Palais Garnier in recognition of the architect who designed it known as Charles Garnier as well as the elegance it radiated. It remained the primary centre of Paris Opera until 1989 when it was shifted, but now operates as a ballet centre. After the house was opened, electric lighting was installed in 1881. new personnel and freight elevators were installed at the rear of stage to facilitate the movement of employees in the administration building and the moving of stage scenery in the 1950s. In 1969, the theatre was given new electrical facilities. In 1978, part of the original Foyer de la Danse was converted into new rehearsal space for the Ballet ...

Name: Chenfei Cao Course:Arch 162- M 12 Palace of Westminster Fire ravaged the royal palace owned by the monarchy in 1512 and 1834, which was then rebuilt by designs from the architecture Charles Barry. His plans were the Gothic Revival style purposely modeled after the English Perpendicular Gothic. Construction lasted 30 years as it incurred a lot of expenditure overruns and numerous delays. The palace is one of the most beautiful landmarks in England not only because of its architecture but also due to its location on the banks of the Thames in central London, making it on the list of the favorite tourist destination. It is also called House of parliament. This paper seeks to converse Westminster palace architecture. The House of Parliament is part of the Grade I structure and a member of the UNESCO World Heritage Site and contains over 1,100 rooms, 100 stairways and 3 miles of passageways that covers four levels. The final two stories are established for committee rooms. ...

Name: Chenfei Cao Course:Arch 162- M 12 Palace of Versailles Palace of Versailles is a museum that is great tourist attraction in France. The building was constructed in 1624 by King Louise XII as a hunting lodge and it was designed by architect Jacques Lemercier . The building was enlarged into a loyal palace by King Louise XIV who moved to live there ("The Palace"). The building expansion was done in two phases. The first phase was from 1661-1678 and was designed by architect Louis Le Vau while the second phase was done from 1678-1715 and was designed by architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart . It is estimated that the building cost a total of two billion dollars since the first construction and all the expansion phases.   T he building was inspired by the baroque Italian villas architecture, however, it was executed in the French classical style, the garden front and wings were encased in white cut ashlar stone known as the enveloppe in 1661-1678. The exterior featur...

Name: Chenfei Cao Course:Arch 162- M 12 Buckingham Palace        The Buckingham Palace acts as the British Monarch’s official residence and an its administrative headquarters. The building was originally built in 1703 only to be bought in 1761 by King George III for Queen Charlotte. It is made up of 775 rooms which are divided into staterooms , Royal and guest bedrooms, staff bedrooms, offices, and bathrooms. Of these, 19 are staterooms , 188 staff bedrooms, 78 bathrooms, 52 Royal and guest rooms, and 92 offices. The building’s measurements are 120 meters in breadth, 24 meters in height and 108 meters in length across its front with a total floor space of 77,000 square meters. Also, the building has 1,514 doors in total with another 760 wall space occupied by windows (Palace, Buckingham) . The buildings principle rooms are found in its piano nobile which faces the garden facing the west, at the back of the building. These staterooms surround the Music r...

Name: Chenfei Cao Course:Arch 162- M 12 The Vienna State Opera                       The Vienna State Opera, also known as Wiener Staatsoper, is among the globally leading opera houses, and is located in Vienna, Austria. The opera house is internationally acclaimed for performances of works by various prominent contributors in arts, such as Richard Strauss and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The opera house building was constructed in the year 1869, and has a rich history that is worth discussion here.             Construction of the Vienna State Opera building started in 1861, when the city expansion fund commissioned it. It was the first prominent building within the area of Ringstrasse at that time (Halsey). Eduard van der Null and August Sicard von Sicardsburg and designed the interior and overall structure of the building (Wiener-staatsoper.at). Th...

Name: Chenfei Cao Course:Arch 162- M 12 Brandenburg Gate             The Brandenburg Gate is one of the oldest German monuments located in central Berlin. The gate’s construction began in 1788 by the orders of the then Prussian leader, King Friedrich (Encyclopaedia Britannica). It is important to note that the structure’s design was based on ancient Greek architecture, and its chief architect was known as Carl Langhans. The gate can be found next to the Reichstag building, which was the site of the road from Berlin to Brandenburg town. Without a doubt, this neoclassical landmark is of great significance to the people of German since it reminds of the period of division and unrest during the cold-war (Brandenburg Gate). After Germany surrendered, the East Berlin and West Berlin’s governments made a joint effort on restoring it. They patched the holes, which however were visible for lots of years after the war.Before the Ber...