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Arch 162-M12 Spring 2018 The Secession Building in Vienna, Austria is an art gallery originally intended for Secession group. The Secession group consisted primarily of artist and a few architects. Originally the group was very small and consisted of seven people, they were known as club of seven. As they grew more tired of the major art galleries not giving them the opportunity to exhibit their work as it was seen too unpleasing to the eye. So here were these artists trying express their modernist and impressionist work but getting denied of having it publicly displayed. The Secession group formed shortly after a few incognito exhibitions among the artists and started to gain traction with other artists and architects. The leader of the group was Gustav Klimt as he was in his prime time it seemed like the correct position to assume. Klimt rose to fame as a decorator of buildings as well as his panel painting which won him the Emperors prize which brought a lot of attention to h...

                          New Lanark was previously owned by David dale and Richard Arkwright, who were Englishman already famous for industrializing cotton spinning south of the border. In 1786 David Dale took sole control and four mills in full operation. For his workforce he turned first to children. Out of a total workforce in 1793 of some 1,150, over 800 were children, many from the orphanages of Edinburgh and Glasgow. Their working day began at 6.00am and continued until 7.00pm. On 1 January 1800, Robert Owen took over the management of David Dale's cotton mills at New Lanark and put into practice the ideas that he had developed earlier in his life and his workers at New Lanark were made to adopt new living, working, sanitary, educational and other standards. New Lanark had a population of 2,000 people, 500 of whom were young children from the poorhouses and charities of Edinburgh and Glasgow. Over the f...

Nott Memorial Library History Union colleges Nott Memorial is one of the great time pieces of American higher education. It is a rounded shape 16 sided building located in Schenectady New York. The Nott occupies what was envisioned about 200 years ago, plans were drawn up by Joseph Ramee, a French architect and Eliphalte Nott, Unions president from the years 1804-1886. According to Notts, the original purpose of the memorial was for it to be an alumni hall, but that idea was later forgotten and the function became unknown. Construction begun in 1858, unknowing of what the building function will be. Paul Venable turner, and emeritus art professor said it was probably intended to serve as a "chapel of some sort", based on a sketch found of what the architected wanted the building to look like, which essentially was a recreation of the pantheon [1]. Months before construction could be finished on Not, money ran out and construction had to stop. Nott died, and ...

“Neoclassicism and Château de Malmaison” Neoclassicism was born in mid-18 th century during western movements and it takes inspiration from classical arts. Not only in architectures but also artists like painters start to involve in neoclassicism movements. This whole movement is based on classical style and tend to reuse classical parts. In neoclassical style you could see tall columns, arches, doorways, wild windows, evenly spaced window, geometric forms, and the buildings are also massive. The building façade is flat and roof is also flat and the columns mostly carry the weights of the building structure. The Chateau de malmaison is located in Paris and you could see Renaissance, Neoclassical, Empire, and Classical architecture style. This castle is always belonging to rich families it also served as a head quarter of the French government once. Napoleon and Josephine were owned the castle once they were well known for owning this castle throughout the history. Josephine p...

Bank Of England      Established in 1694 the Bank of England, it is the second oldest central bank in operation today. The Bank of England is the world's 8th oldest bank. It was established to act as the English Government's banker and is still one of the bankers for the Government of the United Kingdom.In 1998, it became an independent public organization, wholly owned by the Treasury Solicitor. England's crushing defeat by France, the dominant naval power, in naval engagements culminating in the 1690 Battle of Beachy Head became the catalyst for England's rebuilding itself as a global power. The Bank's original home was in Walbrook, a street in the City of London, where during reconstruction in 1954 archaeologists found the remains of a Roman temple of Mithras. Sir Herbert Baker's rebuilding of the Bank, demolishing most of Sir John Soane's earlier building, was described by architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner as "The greatest architectu...

 Fisher Fine Arts Library (Furness Library) of University of Pennsylvania , Frank Furness, (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania); 1888-1890; 18 th -19 th Century Architecture in America Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts , in Philadelphia (PA) is the oldest art academy and museum in the United States, founded 1805. Specializing in American painting and sculpture of the 18th to the 20th century, the Academy’s Art Museum was built between 1872 and 1876 according to designs by architect Frank Furness. The building’s architectural style is high Victorian. For its centennial year (1976), which coincided with the U.S. Bicentennial, the museum underwent a complete renovation. A 12,000-volume library of art history focuses primarily on American painting and sculpture. The Building Located on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania, this historic library, built from red sandstone and brownstone, was designed to...

  École de Chirurgie , Jacques Gondouin, (Paris, France); 1769-1774; Early 18 th Century Architecture in Europe The building was designed by the architect Jacques Gondouin from 1769 to 1774 after surgery came to be recognized as a specialized discipline in the medical sciences. The people of the time saw surgery as a progressive movement and wanted to be a part of it, hence why the lectures weren’t only exclusive to the students but the public’s presence was admitted and encouraged as well. The building is currently a part of the Université René Descartes, and is mainly used as a medical and social sciences building. The Building " A monument of the beneficence of the King...which should have the character of magnificence relative to its function ; a school whose fame attracts a great concourse of Pupils from all nations should appear open and easy of access . The absolute necessity of columns to fulfill these two objects , is alone suff...