Sulaiman Bin Ahmed
Bayard–Condict Building

Bayard–Condict Building at 65 Bleecker Street, Manhattan, New York City was designed by architect Louis Henri Sullivan (1856-1924), and assisted by architect Lyndon P. Smith. The land on which the Bayard Building is now situated was sold by the Bank for Savings to the United Loan and Investment Company in August 1897. The intention of United Loan was to bring down the old bank building and to replace it with a twelve-story commercial building to be called the Bayard Building. The building was first known as the Condict Building before being renamed the Bayard Building (Pearson, 1975).  It is the only building in New York designed by Louis Henri Sullivan, built from 1897 to 1899 and was an office and loft building. The building was one of the first steel skeleton frame skyscrapers in New York City, it provided a new and startling contrast to the classically-inspired skyscrapers. It is almost entirely clad in white terra-cotta, a steel-frame building with very ornate clay detail on the façade (Waite, 1986).

Sullivan was innovative in his ideas, he thought the building should reflect the structure, this concept is visible can be read clearly in the uprights where the structural steel frame of the façade. There are wide vertical elements where the building structure and thinner ones that do not reach the base, stop above the second floor windows, making it obvious that they are not structural, only the widest vertical are structural. The building is very bright white color, with the intention that proves very visible (Pearson, 1975)

This commercial office 12 story building with a structural frame of steel and iron, is clad in white terra cotta on a masonry wall. The Bleecker Street facade is five bays wide, the building Layout shape is rectangular in plan. The foundation is made of concrete base, laid on sand and gravel, foundation walls of brick, 16 inches thick. The Bleecker Street facade is of brick, sheathed in white terra cotta; the sides and rear facades are of red brick laid up in common bond. Structural system and framing is made of steel and cast iron skeletal system. The entrance to the building is through double doors in the most westerly bay, the upper floors are pairs of two-over-two-light double hung sash windows between richly ornamented terra cotta spandrels. At the twelfth floor level, the bays are capped by large arches which spring between the piers; within each of the five arches is a kind of trefoil with terra cotta tracery. East (side) facade: Two over-two-light double-hung sash windows, some with iron fire shutters. Roof is flat, covered with a composite of tar and gravel, the cornice is a heavy, projecting cornice, richly ornamented with terra cotta work, and supported visually by six angels with outstretched arms (Waite, 1986).

The interior design; First floor entranceway in most westerly bay opens into hall running north and south; near middle of hall are two passenger elevators; at rear is stairway; store to east of stairway. Second through twelfth stories: Elevators and stairway in same position as on first floor; doors to offices and factory-spaces opposite and to south of elevator doors; rest of space variously divided for offices and factories. Stairway is a metal fire stairway, painted black, The exterior walls were built with bricks of 50.8cm thick to the fifth floor to the ninth 40.64cm and 30.48cm to the terrace. The diameter of the structural columns ranges from 60.96 cm to 33.02 cm the ground floor to the floors 12 and 13 (Waite, 1986).


REFERENCES

Pearson Marjorie. (1975). A Research Report: BAYARD-CONDICT BUILDING, 65-69 Bleecker Street, Borough of Manhattan. Landmarks Preservation Commission.

Waite, Diana. S. (1968). BAYARD-CONDICT BUILDING HABS No. NY-5485. Historic American Buildings Survey, Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation National Park Service, Department of the Interior Washington, D.C. 20240

Emporis,com (2018). https://www.emporis.com/buildings/116162/bayard-condict-building-new-york-city-ny-usa. Retrieved 13/03/2018

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